University of Seville daylighting method · validated

Turn a Daylight Factor into Overcast Daylight Autonomy — instantly.

A scientific calculator that converts the static DF into the dynamic DAo and DAo.con metrics — for single points, vertical sections and full floor-plan matrices, with heatmaps and response curves.

3
Calculation modes
365×32
Sky samples / point
0.00%
Error vs. reference
Live conversion
Fair
40.5%autonomy
DAo
68.5%continuous
DAo.con
3.00%

Daylight supports part of the occupied time. Computed for latitude 37°, an 08:00–17:00 schedule and a 300 lx target — fully adjustable inside.

How it works

Complex daylight science, three simple steps

The hard part — a full annual overcast-sky simulation — runs instantly in your browser. You only ever think in Daylight Factor.

01

Enter your Daylight Factor

Provide DF at a point, along a vertical section, or across a whole floor-plan grid. DF is a static, location-independent indicator of a space's daylight performance.

02

We model the overcast sky

For every 15-minute step of the occupied year we compute the CIE overcast-sky exterior illuminance from solar geometry, then the interior illuminance as E = DF × E_ext.

03

Read DAo & DAo.con

DAo is the share of occupied time the space stays above your lux target; DAo.con also credits partial daylight. Results render as gauges, curves and heatmaps.

The science

A faithful annual daylight model

This tool reproduces the original University of Seville workbook exactly. DAo is independent of orientation and location because it builds on the static Daylight Factor — yet the conversion still accounts for latitude, schedule and your illuminance threshold.

Try it nowCIE Standard Overcast Sky · 300 lx default
  1. 1

    Solar geometry

    δ, equation of time, hour angle

  2. 2

    Solar elevation

    γ = f(δ, latitude, H)

  3. 3

    Exterior illuminance

    CIE overcast: (7/9)π(100 + 7580·sinγ^1.36)

  4. 4

    Interior illuminance

    E_int = E_ext × DF/100

  5. 5

    DAo / DAo.con

    count & continuous credit vs. threshold

The metrics

Two metrics, one clear picture

DAo

Overcast Daylight Autonomy

The percentage of occupied time a point stays at or above the target illuminance (typically 300 lx) under overcast skies — the worst-case daylight scenario.

DAo = 50% → half the occupied hours need no electric light.

DAo.con

Continuous Overcast Daylight Autonomy

A nuanced version that also credits partial daylight: a point at 150 lx against a 300 lx target contributes 0.5 instead of being discarded.

DAo.con = 0.75 → on average 75% of the target is reached.

Three ways to calculate

From a single DF reading to a full floor-plan heatmap.

Make daylight performance obvious.

Open the calculator and convert your Daylight Factors into DAo and DAo.con — no install, no spreadsheet, instant visuals.